多模式意图识别是理解现实世界中人类语言的重要任务。大多数现有意图识别方法在利用基准数据集的限制中利用多模式信息的局限性，仅使用文本信息。本文介绍了一个用于多模式意图识别（MinTreec）的新型数据集，以解决此问题。它根据电视系列超市收集的数据制定了粗粒和细粒度的分类法。该数据集由2,224个具有文本，视频和音频模式的高质量样本组成，并在二十个意图类别中具有多模式注释。此外，我们在每个视频段中提供带注释的扬声器框架框，并实现扬声器注释的自动过程。 MinTrec对研究人员有助于挖掘不同方式之间的关系，以增强意图识别的能力。我们通过适应三种强大的多模式融合方法来构建基准，从每种模式和模型跨模式相互作用中提取特征。广泛的实验表明，采用非语言方式与仅文本模式相比，实现了实质性改进，这表明使用多模式信息进行意图识别的有效性。表现最佳的方法与人类之间的差距表明了这项任务对社区的挑战和重要性。完整的数据集和代码可在https://github.com/thuiar/mintrec上使用。

本文介绍了全髋关节置换术（THA）的手术机器人系统的开发和实验评估。尽管在关节置换手术中使用的现有机器人系统已经取得了一些进展，但机器人组必须在操作过程中准确地位于目标位置，这在很大程度上取决于外科医生的经验。此外，手持式髋臼铰刀通常表现出不均匀的强度和研磨文件。此外，缺乏实时测量股骨颈长度的技术可能导致结果不佳。为了应对这些挑战，我们提出了一种可实时可追溯的光学定位策略，以减少手术期间对机器人臂的不必要的手动调整，一种稳定磨削的最终效用系统，以及提供股骨颈的实时测量的光学探测器长度和其他参数用于选择适当的假体。下肢的长度在安装假体时测量。实验评估结果表明，根据其准确性，执行能力和鲁棒性，提出的手术机器人系统对于THA是可行的。

公开意图检测是自然语言理解中的一个重大问题，旨在以仅知道已知意图的先验知识来检测看不见的公开意图。当前方法在此任务中面临两个核心挑战。一方面，他们在学习友好表示方面有局限性来检测公开意图。另一方面，缺乏有效的方法来获得已知意图的特定和紧凑的决策边界。为了解决这些问题，本文介绍了一个原始框架DA-ADB，该框架连续学习了远距离感知的意图表示和自适应决策边界，以进行开放意图检测。具体而言，我们首先利用距离信息来增强意图表示的区别能力。然后，我们设计了一种新颖的损失函数，以通过平衡经验和开放空间风险来获得适当的决策界限。广泛的实验显示了距离了解和边界学习策略的有效性。与最先进的方法相比，我们的方法在三个基准数据集上实现了重大改进。它还具有不同比例的标记数据和已知类别的稳健性能。完整的数据和代码可在https://github.com/thuiar/textoir上获得

In this work, we investigate the problem of an online trajectory design for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in a Federated Learning (FL) setting where several different communities exist, each defined by a unique task to be learned. In this setting, spatially distributed devices belonging to each community collaboratively contribute towards training their community model via wireless links provided by the UAV. Accordingly, the UAV acts as a mobile orchestrator coordinating the transmissions and the learning schedule among the devices in each community, intending to accelerate the learning process of all tasks. We propose a heuristic metric as a proxy for the training performance of the different tasks. Capitalizing on this metric, a surrogate objective is defined which enables us to jointly optimize the UAV trajectory and the scheduling of the devices by employing convex optimization techniques and graph theory. The simulations illustrate the out-performance of our solution when compared to other handpicked static and mobile UAV deployment baselines.

Few Shot Instance Segmentation (FSIS) requires models to detect and segment novel classes with limited several support examples. In this work, we explore a simple yet unified solution for FSIS as well as its incremental variants, and introduce a new framework named Reference Twice (RefT) to fully explore the relationship between support/query features based on a Transformer-like framework. Our key insights are two folds: Firstly, with the aid of support masks, we can generate dynamic class centers more appropriately to re-weight query features. Secondly, we find that support object queries have already encoded key factors after base training. In this way, the query features can be enhanced twice from two aspects, i.e., feature-level and instance-level. In particular, we firstly design a mask-based dynamic weighting module to enhance support features and then propose to link object queries for better calibration via cross-attention. After the above steps, the novel classes can be improved significantly over our strong baseline. Additionally, our new framework can be easily extended to incremental FSIS with minor modification. When benchmarking results on the COCO dataset for FSIS, gFSIS, and iFSIS settings, our method achieves a competitive performance compared to existing approaches across different shots, e.g., we boost nAP by noticeable +8.2/+9.4 over the current state-of-the-art FSIS method for 10/30-shot. We further demonstrate the superiority of our approach on Few Shot Object Detection. Code and model will be available.

In this chapter, we review and discuss the transformation of AI technology in HCI/UX work and assess how AI technology will change how we do the work. We first discuss how AI can be used to enhance the result of user research and design evaluation. We then discuss how AI technology can be used to enhance HCI/UX design. Finally, we discuss how AI-enabled capabilities can improve UX when users interact with computing systems, applications, and services.

As one of the most important psychic stress reactions, micro-expressions (MEs), are spontaneous and transient facial expressions that can reveal the genuine emotions of human beings. Thus, recognizing MEs (MER) automatically is becoming increasingly crucial in the field of affective computing, and provides essential technical support in lie detection, psychological analysis and other areas. However, the lack of abundant ME data seriously restricts the development of cutting-edge data-driven MER models. Despite the recent efforts of several spontaneous ME datasets to alleviate this problem, it is still a tiny amount of work. To solve the problem of ME data hunger, we construct a dynamic spontaneous ME dataset with the largest current ME data scale, called DFME (Dynamic Facial Micro-expressions), which includes 7,526 well-labeled ME videos induced by 671 participants and annotated by more than 20 annotators throughout three years. Afterwards, we adopt four classical spatiotemporal feature learning models on DFME to perform MER experiments to objectively verify the validity of DFME dataset. In addition, we explore different solutions to the class imbalance and key-frame sequence sampling problems in dynamic MER respectively on DFME, so as to provide a valuable reference for future research. The comprehensive experimental results show that our DFME dataset can facilitate the research of automatic MER, and provide a new benchmark for MER. DFME will be published via https://mea-lab-421.github.io.

Face Anti-spoofing (FAS) is essential to secure face recognition systems from various physical attacks. However, recent research generally focuses on short-distance applications (i.e., phone unlocking) while lacking consideration of long-distance scenes (i.e., surveillance security checks). In order to promote relevant research and fill this gap in the community, we collect a large-scale Surveillance High-Fidelity Mask (SuHiFiMask) dataset captured under 40 surveillance scenes, which has 101 subjects from different age groups with 232 3D attacks (high-fidelity masks), 200 2D attacks (posters, portraits, and screens), and 2 adversarial attacks. In this scene, low image resolution and noise interference are new challenges faced in surveillance FAS. Together with the SuHiFiMask dataset, we propose a Contrastive Quality-Invariance Learning (CQIL) network to alleviate the performance degradation caused by image quality from three aspects: (1) An Image Quality Variable module (IQV) is introduced to recover image information associated with discrimination by combining the super-resolution network. (2) Using generated sample pairs to simulate quality variance distributions to help contrastive learning strategies obtain robust feature representation under quality variation. (3) A Separate Quality Network (SQN) is designed to learn discriminative features independent of image quality. Finally, a large number of experiments verify the quality of the SuHiFiMask dataset and the superiority of the proposed CQIL.

When using LiDAR semantic segmentation models for safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving, it is essential to understand and improve their robustness with respect to a large range of LiDAR corruptions. In this paper, we aim to comprehensively analyze the robustness of LiDAR semantic segmentation models under various corruptions. To rigorously evaluate the robustness and generalizability of current approaches, we propose a new benchmark called SemanticKITTI-C, which features 16 out-of-domain LiDAR corruptions in three groups, namely adverse weather, measurement noise and cross-device discrepancy. Then, we systematically investigate 11 LiDAR semantic segmentation models, especially spanning different input representations (e.g., point clouds, voxels, projected images, and etc.), network architectures and training schemes. Through this study, we obtain two insights: 1) We find out that the input representation plays a crucial role in robustness. Specifically, under specific corruptions, different representations perform variously. 2) Although state-of-the-art methods on LiDAR semantic segmentation achieve promising results on clean data, they are less robust when dealing with noisy data. Finally, based on the above observations, we design a robust LiDAR segmentation model (RLSeg) which greatly boosts the robustness with simple but effective modifications. It is promising that our benchmark, comprehensive analysis, and observations can boost future research in robust LiDAR semantic segmentation for safety-critical applications.

Panoptic Part Segmentation (PPS) unifies panoptic segmentation and part segmentation into one task. Previous works utilize separated approaches to handle thing, stuff, and part predictions without shared computation and task association. We aim to unify these tasks at the architectural level, designing the first end-to-end unified framework named Panoptic-PartFormer. Moreover, we find the previous metric PartPQ biases to PQ. To handle both issues, we make the following contributions: Firstly, we design a meta-architecture that decouples part feature and things/stuff feature, respectively. We model things, stuff, and parts as object queries and directly learn to optimize all three forms of prediction as a unified mask prediction and classification problem. We term our model as Panoptic-PartFormer. Secondly, we propose a new metric Part-Whole Quality (PWQ) to better measure such task from both pixel-region and part-whole perspectives. It can also decouple the error for part segmentation and panoptic segmentation. Thirdly, inspired by Mask2Former, based on our meta-architecture, we propose Panoptic-PartFormer++ and design a new part-whole cross attention scheme to further boost part segmentation qualities. We design a new part-whole interaction method using masked cross attention. Finally, the extensive ablation studies and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of both Panoptic-PartFormer and Panoptic-PartFormer++. Compared with previous Panoptic-PartFormer, our Panoptic-PartFormer++ achieves 2% PartPQ and 3% PWQ improvements on the Cityscapes PPS dataset and 5% PartPQ on the Pascal Context PPS dataset. On both datasets, Panoptic-PartFormer++ achieves new state-of-the-art results with a significant cost drop of 70% on GFlops and 50% on parameters. Our models can serve as a strong baseline and aid future research in PPS. Code will be available.